Hermaphroditism Essay Example For Students

Hermaphroditism Essay HermaphroditismHermaphroditism, in science, is the association of the two genders in the equivalent individual,or the mix of a portion of their qualities or organs in one individual.1 Ahermaphrodite individual is explicitly incomplete or halfway male and somewhat female. Because of the likenesses among male and female sex organs, it might be hard to tell whether ahuman bisexual is a female with overdeveloped clitoris or a male with immature penis, parted scrotum, and nondescendant testes.2 Recently, numerous people have experienced careful or hormone treatment to change their nonfunctioning sex qualities and underscore the sex showed by those that are practical. Hermaphroditism happens in the incredible larger part of blooming plants, and some of the time happens in numerous invertebrate creatures. It happens every so often in different fishes, in frogs, frogs, and certain newts among the amphibians.True practical Hermaphroditism is uncommon or missing in higher animals.3 Very hardly any instances of human bisexual have been accounted for. The term Hermaphroditism got from the legend of Hermaphroditus. He was the child of Hermes and Aphrodite. At the point when he was fifteen years of age, the fairy of the wellspring Salmacis went gaga for him, however he dismissed her. At some point, Salmacis maneuvered Hermaphroditus into the wellspring and she folded herself over him and supplicated that they could never be isolated. The divine beings allowed her petition that they never be isolated. Their two bodies were combined, and they never again were kid or young lady however portion of both sexes.4 1. Funk Wagnalls New Encyclopedia. Hermaphroditism. Hermaphroditism Online,http://www.funkandwagnalls.com/reference book/low/articles/h/h011000803f.html (1998). 2. In the same place. 3. In the same place. 4. Imprint Morford, The Homeric Hymn to Hermes. Old style Mythology Online Online,http://longman.awl.com/folklore/chaptertopics/summary_10.asp (1995)

Foundations of Research and Evidence Based Practice

Question: Examine about the Foundations of Research and Evidence Based Practice. Answer: Presentation With the headway in science and innovations the nature of human lives has been improved essentially and in current situations the individuals can undoubtedly do there imperative errands with no problem. Thus, the human has gotten lethargic and keep away from difficult work and for reason the cutting edge human will in general be unfit and inclined to a few sicknesses. In addition, among the few horrendous sicknesses back agony is one of the fundamental infections and generally normal in the cutting edge open. There are numerous individuals, who experience the ill effects of incessant back torment and not many of them for the most part not shows critical improvement with the customary treatments (Cashin Cook, 2011). Needle therapy is a conventional Chinese treatment, and it is heard that it has huge impact on a few diverse intense sicknesses just as for the torment it has considerable impact so the examination is on whether it is an advantageous treatment for the patients with low bac k agony or not. Primary body The effect that has been emerged as of now portrays a few stories and fantasy coursed everywhere throughout the field of medicinal services and prosperity program, where the doctors and social insurance experts enormously examine on this point; on the impact of needle therapy on the human body. Needle therapy basically manage some significant focuses in human body, those are obligated for the elements of a few diverse organ of human body. The interminable back is one of the most noticeably awful back agony issues with portraying the indications of malignancy now and again. The needle therapy is the best instrument which is utilized for lessening the back torment and from this time forward it is considered for the treatment. Needle therapy helps in the improvement of the assimilation framework in the body and along these lines it assists with getting alleviation from the back torment. Hence the needle therapy is utilized for the treatment of constant back agony. In addition, as indica ted by the impression of the acupuncturists orderly weight on the needle therapy point improve the body work successfully with the goal that assume significant job in restoring the patients, who experiences a few distinct sorts of intense illnesses. In the ebb and flow circumstance, there are a few patients, who experiences the intense back torment and the fundamental driver of the infection is sluggishness of the advanced individuals, with improving way of life the person has gotten lethargic and need more extravagance and these lead them into a few maladies and back agony is one of them, which is generally regular in present day people. As a social insurance specialist I need to confront a few cases, where the patients are experiencing intense back agony and the standard medicines have no noteworthy impact on them. It assuages them for the time creatures yet not fix them for all time. In this way, the need of an elective treatment is developing thus that the reference of needle th erapy treatment is coming as it is vigorously talked about in medicinal services field among the open identified with human services, for example, the doctors, social insurance specialists and patients (Kralik, Trowbridge, Smith, 2008). In addition, it is broadly talked about that it has no symptom on the human body and it has just beneficial outcome on human body. End As, I have confronted a few patients who are experiencing intense back torment and I saw that the standard Allopathic medications have not huge impact on the these patients as it give present moment alleviates to the patients of intense back agony and the issue of the patients stay with them and the typical treatment can't fix the back torment in changeless premise in this manner, I need to scan for elective treatment thus I pick needle therapy treatment. Section A, Section 2: Formulate a PICO So as to research the impact of the treatment on the patients, PICO is a powerful instrument that helps in evaluating the state of the patients just as the impact of the treatment on the patients. It is one of the best just as well known apparatuses among the individuals of nursing calling as it give viable result that help in successfully assess the state of the patients and the impact of the treatment on the patients (Polit Beck, 2012). For this attempted issue a PICO is incorporated and by the PICO the outcome and understanding will be produced that, regardless of whether needle therapy is successful in intense back torment or not. Hence I have gathered the reaction of the patients of intense back agony to the needle therapy treatment and their reactions has been placed into the mainstream and successful instrument PICO. The aftereffects of PICO has been resolved and assessed about whether needle therapy is a powerful intercession for incessant low back agony. In the examination study, 58 members have been chosen for looking at the viability of needle therapy. Populace The age of the members is over 18 that will assist with surveying the determination design including treatment and concordance inside a clinical preliminary of needle therapy for the low back torment. Intercession In a controlled even minded randomized clinical path, 58 patients with low back torment in the middle of about a month and 11 months term were offered needle therapy arbitrarily. Treatment and normalized determination were finished by the specialists. The analysis depended on low back agony disorder. One of the practitionerss then rethought the patients viably. The bury rater unwavering quality symptomatic was surveyed regarding harmonious characterizations. Examination All gatherings were included for correlation. The attention was on active recuperation instead of the organized exercise. Result The analyzed condition that was most regularly connected with the low back torment was blood stagnation and Qi followed by Bi disorder and kidney inadequacy being more than one condition being resolved for 66% of the patients. The specialist has analyzed the patients concordance was sensible which was somewhere in the range of 80% and 47 of the characterizations while estimations of Kappa lay somewhere in the range of 0 and 0.67. The specialist has given 158 medications in all out utilizing 188 distinctive needle therapy techniques. The most normally channels utilized were nerve bladder and bladder and the commonest point was BL-23 advertisement two purposes of Huatuojijaji. The specialists have additionally utilized Auxiliary medicines to differing degrees. Accordingly, Acupuncture is considered as the best treatment for low back torments. The analytic concordance among the professionals was clear and sensible subjects rose for the treatment. As per the aftereffect of PICO it is seen that the needle therapy treatment is powerful in the treatment if the intense back agony as it fundamentally improves the state of the patients thus that it gives substantially more alleviates to the patients and its belongings are for long haul and perpetual as it totally fix the ailments from the patients. Other than this, it is additionally seen that it has no critical symptom on the patients. Consequently, the needle therapy is successful in intense back torment and it could be given to the patients of intense back torment. Section A, Section 3: Advance pursuit in CINAHL The propelled search on the CINAHL depends on the pursuit of the more extensive database which helps in the production of spotlight on the PICO estimations that are taken for the thought of the investigation of CINAHL with regards to full content. It incorporates the accompanying criterias of the evaluation that must be finished for the upgrade of the examination procedure and along these lines it gives the emphasis on the attempted situation taken for the investigation. The situation that is taken for the examination centers around the interminable low back agony which is appeared to be improved with the assistance of the utilization of needle therapy (C. Lawrence, 2016). The treatment is given as the writing with giving the images of the low back torment and accordingly the methodologies are engaged for relieving the sickness low back agony. The CINAHL procedure of the examination is led for the accomplishment of the great source with directing subjective procedure for the assortment of the instrument utilized for restoring the malady. With the thought of the review examination, the examination of the CINAHLs potential commitment is related to the thought of the exploration and in this way the investigations are made by the one of a kind database with the thought of the CINAHL database up degree and planning. With the thought of the 58 quantitative audits, around 43 surveys are chosen which accordingly helps in the thought of the fruitful examination for the exploration. The 43 surveys are seen as sick and along these lines the thought of the investigation gives the last amalgamation of the CINAHL database. With the thought of the database, the audits that are told appeared to be 11 surveys with the distinguishing proof of the examination for the database and in this way the middle aides in the ID of about 9.09% while th e most reduced worth is 5 % to the most noteworthy worth is about 33% (Lawrence, 2007). The thorough procedures are incorporated for the intense assortment of the list in regards to the case situation and subsequently the predetermined number of surveys is made with the formation of deliberate audits. The CINAHL procedure furnishes the bit by bit process with the making of upgrade of the investigation of the situation referenced. The guidance gives the suitable way to deal with the improvement of the needle therapy which is utilized for the incessant low back agony. It gives the methodologies that must be canvassed in the piece of the Medline and along these lines the center is made for the improvement of the database. The CINAHL database furnishes the fitting methodologies with the led look into that comprises of the procedure of CINAHL which incorporates the Embase, Medline and the Database arrangement of the maladies with the favored medications. The investigations that are remembered helps for the thought of the measures of PICO which are as per the following:- Thought of the people with the CLBP characterized with the time term of 12 weeks or more. Endorsed practice and

8 Tips for Giving a Speech When You Have Social Anxiety

8 Tips for Giving a Speech When You Have Social Anxiety In This Article Table of Contents Expand Exercise Dress for Success Avoid Caffeine Meet Your Audience Admit You Are Nervous Use a Conversational Tone Maintain Good Eye Contact Focus on Content Giving a speech can be anxiety-provoking. Below are eight tips for giving a speech when you have social anxiety. If you have been diagnosed with social anxiety disorder (SAD) these tips can help you to become a better public speaker while receiving traditional treatment such as systematic desensitization or cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT).?? Exercise Getting daily exercise can help to manage anxiety, and a good run or cardio workout on the morning of the day of your speech will keep your endorphins running high and anxiety levels low.?? Dress for Success Choose an outfit that you are comfortable in, that makes you feel good, and that is appropriate for the occasion. If you wear something that you dislike or that doesn’t fit you well, you will be distracted from giving your speech. Avoid Caffeine Coffee, cola, and chocolateâ€"remember that the three “Cs” can be high in caffeine and sugar, which you want to avoid on the day of a speech.?? Try replacing your coffee with a caffeine-free herbal tea and choose balanced meals containing protein to reduce hunger. Meet Your Audience Unfamiliar faces can seem threatening, particularly when you are in the spotlight. Try to talk with some audience members prior to your speech. This will help you to realize that they are just people like you, and not there to judge you. At the same time, if you are overcoming SAD, even speaking one-on-one with a stranger might be anxiety-provoking. Know your own limits and try to minimize stress before your performance. Admit That You Are Nervous Tell your audience that you are nervous. It can be a great ice-breaker and may help to make your audience more receptive. Use a Conversational Tone Keep your audience’s attention by speaking to them the way that you would talk with a friend over dinner. Use a light and conversational tone to make your audience feel at ease. Maintain Good Eye Contact When you have good eye contact with your audience, they will feel more connected to what you are saying.?? Here is a tipâ€"have three or four people that you know position themselves throughout the room and rotate your gaze among them while you speak. If you are comfortable looking around at the audience, try to gauge whether they are keeping up with you or if you need to slow down or explain things in more detail. Focus on Content As you speak, allow yourself to become immersed in the topic and how it will help the members of your audience. Shifting the focus off of yourself and onto the content of your presentation helps to alleviate some of the self-consciousnesses that go along with SAD.?? If all else fails and you do feel anxiety creeping up, realize that it’s not the end of the world. If you’ve ever been in the audience when a speaker was struggling with anxiety, you probably felt bad for the person but didn’t think any less of him or her. Be as kind to yourself as you would be to someone else.

Higher Education Costs And Education - 983 Words

Higher Education Costs Education, there should be no class distinction. Education should be provided to all, irrespective of their economic, social or religious backgrounds. Education is defined as gaining knowledge which is funded by the government or charity organizations for awareness, charity, religious, or any other motives. It’s like an investment which helps to build the economy in the long run rather than a way of getting short-term inceptives from students. One of the reasons for the improvement in the quality of higher education in the modern days has been the competition among the private colleges and universities to provide better education. The concept of higher education and merit system is gaining wide popularity all over the world. UNESCO has been leading a global movement Education for all with an aim to meet the basic learning needs of Human Beings. Education helps in establishing the equality among the people. Education can be provided through various means like public schools, internet, training classes, etc. However, higher education cost is itself a debatable topic and has its own pros and cons. Everyone should know the fundamental basics of life; basic skills like reading, writing, comprehension etc. People need to have general knowledge of in mathematics, sciences, literature, etc. to cope up with a new ideas, thoughts for changing the world. Several countries like Denmark, Norway, Finland, Argentina and moreShow MoreRelatedThe Cost of Higher Education754 Words   |  3 Pages For most high school seniors the cost of higher education may be a daily or at least. It is an even a concern in that a group of students, who all share a common, concern, around the same age, but with no reliable income. Each one is making a huge investment in their future, but in majority of cases adding more and more debt to their lifestyles. Though majority of students receive financial aid, the amount of debt which tuition builds is beyond stressing. For some students relying on their familyRead MoreThe Cost Of Higher Education1100 Words   |  5 PagesOver the past four decades, the costs of higher education has risen at a rate that surpasses the rate on inflation. Students, parents, and policymakers are concern about the rapid increase. The literature supports that there are multiple trends such as a decline in federal and state support as well as outdated policies and practices that have contributed to continued rise. Thelin (2015) analyzed Edwin Slosson’s 1910 anthology on Great American Universities, which provided data on fourteen prominentRead MoreThe Cost Of A Higher Education958 Words   |  4 PagesAll through life, most children are told that getting a higher education is the only way to have a successful life. Each year the cost of college rises, with that the total student debt rises as more students take out loans to help pay for his or her education. An astounding 1.2 trillion dollars is the United States student debt amount, and every year it continues to grow. (Investor’s Business, 2015, p. A14). According to new reports, 27.3% of student loans are delinquent and that on average a student’sRead MoreThe Cost Of Higher Education Essay1296 Words   |  6 PagesKarla Fiscal-Zatarain Communications M01 Ben Bates 28 July 2015 The Cost of Higher Education General Purpose: To persuade. Specific Purpose: To persuade the audience that the cost of a higher education is too high and should be lowered to a much reasonable price. Central Idea: The cost to attend universities has skyrocketed over the past few decades and because of this, many students have chosen to skip out or put it off because they simply can’t afford it. Introduction: Attention Getter: On NovemberRead MoreThe Cost Of Higher Education898 Words   |  4 PagesThe cost of higher education College institutions offer a wide range of degrees and certificates, ranging from associate degrees to post-doctorates. A bachelors degree is another name for a 4-year degree, and such can be given in a wide variety of fields of study. According to the Digest of Education Statistics, during 2012 and 2013 more than 1,8 million bachelor degrees were conferred to college students in 34 different fields of study. So, prior to defining the cost of education, there is a needRead MoreThe Cost Of Higher Education3697 Words   |  15 PagesThe cost of higher education is constantly rising and does not look to be stopping anytime soon. However, many individuals are concerned about the increasing cost and have little understanding as to why these costs are increasing despite the increasing revenue stream of many colleges and universities. Additionally, taking in consideration the current cost compared to the past 5 to 10 years is very important when addressing this issue. As the cost of a col lege degree increases it is becoming harderRead MoreThe Cost Of Higher Education Essay2074 Words   |  9 PagesHow to Combat the Cost of Rising Higher Education The cost of higher education is on the rise in the United States of America (USA). â€Å"Technology tends to unbundle stuff. Look how it’s unbundling television, or how it unbundled the music album. The college degree is a bundle that doesn’t work for everybody and creates unnatural market conditions, which is why college costs consistently rise faster than inflation.† (Newsweek) The cost of higher education tuition is skyrocketing throughout the USARead MoreThe Cost Of Higher Education Essay2115 Words   |  9 PagesThe cost of higher education is on the rise in the United States of America (USA). â€Å"Technology tends to unbundle stuff. Look how it’s unbundling television, or how it unbundled the music album. The college degree is a bundle that doesn’t work for everybody and creates unnatural market conditions, which is why college costs consistently rise faster than inflation.† (Newsweek) The cost of higher education tuition is skyrocke ting throughout the USA. Imagine being a lower class family, both you and yourRead MoreThe Cost Of Higher Education2006 Words   |  9 PagesThe Cost of Higher Education Has Resulted in Extreme Student Loan Debt, How Do We Reverse This Cycle? During high school we are often told that higher education is essentially a precursor to achieving success in the workforce, meaning that your success is dependent upon earning a degree. We are also told that higher education is the key to â€Å"happiness† because it is clear that both a fulfilling and lucrative career is a direct representation of success. Sometimes parents, teachers, and guidance counselorsRead MoreRising Cost Of Higher Education1345 Words   |  6 PagesI have selected to write about the rising cost of higher education in the United States. In mass media we see discussions of how expensive it is for students to afford admission to a four-year college, student debt being higher than it ever has in previous years, and how these consequences make it difficult for graduating students to attain social mobility. As a student, it is within my best interest to discover the social factors that influence the cost of attaining a college degree. Many of my

Louisiana Code Of Civil Procedure Essay - 731 Words

Pursuant to Louisiana Code of Civil Procedure Article 927, Defendant, Lauris Hollis (â€Å"Defendant†), through undersigned counsel, moves this Court to dismiss the Plaintiff’s action. Article 927 provides that the Peremptory exception of no cause of action and no right of action or no interest in the plaintiff to institute suit. Louisiana Code of Civil Procedure Article 923 provides that the function of the peremptory exception is to have the plaintiff’s action declared legally nonexistent, or barred by effect of law, and hence the exception tends to dismiss or defeat the action. The Plaintiff filed suit on April 7, 2015, in Livingston Parish for a 2004 loan made to Mr. Hollis thru the CFS Private Education Undergraduate Loan Program by Charter One Bank, N.A. for $26,484.00 with a â€Å"Deferral Period Margin of 4.85, Repayment Period Margin of 4.85† and a Loan Origination Fee Percentage of 9.5. Mr. Hollis is enrolled FULLTIME AS A DOCTORAL CANDIDATE at Louisiana State University IN THE Department of _________________. At the beginning of each of the Fall and Spring semesters from 2010 to 2012, Mr. Hollis forwarded deferment forms for Privately Insured Loans to the American Education Services. On April 28, 2015, Jeremy Nusloch an attorney at the firm of Couch, Conville Blitt received notice of Mr. Hollis fulltime enrollment at LSU; however, they refuse to dismiss the case when the loan should be in deferment. Thus, Couch, Conville Blitt continue to prosecute the claimShow MoreRelatedThe Case Lawsuit Filed Suit1014 Words   |  5 Pages484.00 with a â€Å"Deferral Period Margin of 4.85, Repayment Period Margin of 4.85† and a Loan Origination Fee Percentage of 9.5. 2. Mr. Hollis is enrolled FULLTIME AS A CANDIDATE for a Doctorate of Philosophy, Oceanography and Coastal Sciences at Louisiana State University in the Department of Oceanography and Coastal Sciences. 3. At the beginning of each of the Fall and Spring semesters from 2010 to 2012, Mr. Hollis forwarded deferment forms for Privately Insured Loans to the American EducationRead MoreCommon and Civil Law Legal Systems1960 Words   |  8 PagesCommon and Civil law legal systems According to Zimmermann there are as many legal systems as there are national states. Every country has its own unique legal system. However, we can allocate among them three main legal systems. These are: Civil Law, Common Law and Islamic Law. Civil and Common Laws are the most influential legal systems in the world, especially in its Western part. All three of these legal systems have existed and developed for many centuries. Further will follow the descriptionRead MoreReconstruction Plan1116 Words   |  5 PagesThe Civil War, one of the most brutal and bloody wars in US History ended in 1865, and left the country in ruin. Abraham Lincoln, the president of the U.S at the time came up with the plan to re-build the country after the war. He called it Reconstruction Plan. The Reconstruction Plan was put to use right after the war in 1865 and ended in 1877. Within the Reconstruction Plan, Lincoln offered a model for reinstatement of Southern states called the 10 percent Reconstructio n plan. And also, duringRead MoreCivil Law3967 Words   |  16 Pages------------------------------------------------- Civil law (common law) Civil law  is the branch of  law  dealing with disputes between  individuals  or  organizations, in which  compensation  may be awarded to the victim. For instance, if a car crash victim claims damages against the driver for loss or injury sustained in an accident, this will be a civil law case.[1]  Civil law differs from  criminal law, whose emphasis is more on punishment than in dispute resolution. The law relating to  civil wrongs  and  quasi-contract  is part of the civil law.[2]Read MoreDifferences Between the Wartime, Presidential, and Congressional Reconstruction734 Words   |  3 Pagesonly people that were excluded from this were Confederate official and high-ranking military officers. In states where ten percent of male population took the oath they would be able to reestablish a state government. This policy was carried out in Louisiana, Arkansas, and Tennessee. This Wartime Reconstruction also included Lincoln’s Emancipation Proclamatio n. This freed slaves in the states that were at war with the Union. Both President Lincoln and President Johnson wished to give back land to pardonedRead MoreThe Deepwater Horizon Oil Rig1485 Words   |  6 Pages20th 2010) situated near the Mississippi river delta in the Gulf of Mexico exploded sending over a period of 87 days 210 million U.S. gallons of crude oil onto the ocean’s surface as well as the coastlines of the Gulf states Texas, Mississippi, Louisiana, Florida and Alabama. The magnitude of this oil spill was so awesome it could be seen from space and unfortunately took the lives of 11 people. British Petroleum (BP) has been found under numerous sets of circumstances responsible for this disasterRead MoreSouthern White Supremacy and Black Civil Rights 1863-1877 Essay1300 Words   |  6 Pagestime blacks were able to participate actively in the realms of politics, and were keen to make an impact. During the Reconstruction years of 1863-65, a considerable proportion of blacks occupied several Deep South governments. In Louisiana, for example, African-Americans made up 42% of the lower- and 19%- of the upper houses. However, these numbers do not accurately reflect the influence wielded by blacks in this period. Very few blacks held top positions, and in five SouthernRead MoreLaw Enforcement: The Following Case Study Is From The Baltimore1306 Words   |  6 Pagesdepartment demonstrates that â€Å"BPD officers made 520 stops for every 1,000 black residents in Baltimore, but only 180 stops for every 1,000 Caucasian residents,† (Ajaka et al., 2016). These problems occur when departments do not regulate stricter procedures and also failing to train the officers to handle any situation. Edwin Sutherland’s differential association theory can best relate to the subject of police abuse and brutality because interacting with others, people learn the values, techniquesRead MoreSentencing Guilty Verdict1067 Words   |  4 Pageshowever, they do help to make sense of proportionality and how it affects sentencing. This paper will attempt to explain the importance of proportionality with regards to criminal sentencing, increase understanding of the reasons our sentencing procedures continually fluctuate, identify three groups of individuals protected under the 8th Amendment from receiving a death sentence for a capital offense, attempts to explain the relationship between sentencing and the 6th Amendment, and will discussRead MoreThe Appellate Process Essay1417 Words   |  6 Pageslaw. Appellate courts have the right to overrule jury verdicts and judges decisions due to the fact that an appellate court typically concerns itself solely with issues of law. An appeal is not the time to retry the case or to reargue the facts. In civil matters, either party can appeal the decision of the trial court. Usually in criminal matters, however, only the defendant may appeal a criminal conviction and the state is not allowed to appeal a not guilty verdict. The sentencing in criminal cases

Modern Business Environment Free Essays

In modern business environment, knowledge is the most important resource, information regarding competition mainly concerned their market share and offer, showed to be a satisfactory volume of information. Nowadays requires information about the competition. These information refer not only to competitors market share and their offer, but also to the level and structure of their expenses, products and services quality-price relations, sales volume, scope of activities, cash flows, liquidity, solvency and profitability. We will write a custom essay sample on Modern Business Environment or any similar topic only for you Order Now Building information system that supports the management and decision-making, and that can be a source of competitive edge, is not an easy task. Problem is how to get quality and useful information. In the present commercial center, there are tons of items and administrations accessible to satisfy the necessities of people and organizations. Your capacity to recognize and abuse the highlights and related advantages of your item or benefit and exhibit how it is unique or superior to anything the opposition will furnish you with a focused edge. The edge or preferred standpoint will furnish your firm with the instruments to: Increment deals and piece of the pie. Enhance overall revenues for a given timeframe in new or existing markets. Guarantee your survival in to a great degree focused markets. Grow hard-to-duplicate promoting blends. A COMPETITIVE EDGE : To begin, you should assemble every one of the information gathered about your objective market patterns, clients, items and contenders. Recorded various market plan elements is a framework of the different market design components you should survey to identify your competitive edge. Each organization must have no less than one favorable position to effectively contend in the market. On the off chance that an organization can’t distinguish one or simply doesn’t have it, contenders soon beat it and power the business to leave the market. There are numerous approaches to accomplish the favorable position however just two fundamental kinds of it: cost or separation advantage. An organization that can accomplish prevalence in cost or separation can offer shoppers the items at bring down expenses or with higher level of separation and above all, can contend with its rivals. 1.0 BACKGROUND: Firstly the identification of your firm’s strengths and weaknesses is an important task that needs to be accomplished before any competitive edge can be developed. The aggressive edge your firm picks will rely upon the reasons your client will purchase a specific item or administration. A competitive advantage means you need to offer some things your competitors don’t. You need to know what it is your competitors do well, and do not do well. For instance, if your opposition has one formula that numerous clients go to that eatery for, basically impersonating their formula won’t add to your upper hand. Rather than endeavoring to duplicate your rival’s points of interest, fortify your own particular to make a special arrangement of qualities that can’t be imitated. There’s no compelling reason to enlist somebody to do what you can do yourself, however consider utilizing research firms to discover data that isn’t freely accessible. Here are a couple of instruments you can use to secure aggressive knowledge. Online scans are a fast technique for finding aggressive data. In any case, this hunt will just give data that has been made open. On location perceptions of the contender’s parking area, client administration, volume and example of providers’ conveyances, and so on can yield valuable data about the condition of the contender’s business. Overviews and meetings can yield a lot of information about contenders and items. Research reviews and center gathering interviews for the most part give more inside and out points of view from a constrained example. Aggressive benchmarking is utilized to look at the association’s activities against those of its rivals. In making particular correlations inside an industry, an association picks up data about regular advertising rehearses, accessible workforce, and providers. Problems to Gain Competitive Edge over your Competitor in Business: Rivalry is great. Indeed, a sound competition provokes you to work more brilliant with the assets you have. To do as such, use your group’s interesting gifts and construct a business contenders wouldn’t set out test. Regardless of whether different organizations in your industry endeavor to undermine your costs and take your clients, ponder ways they can enable your startup to develop. Maintaining a strategic distance from lack of concern. Sole providers in an industry rapidly quit advancing essentially in light of the fact that they never again have any need to. Unfortunately, they unwittingly focus on keeping up the present state of affairs. Contenders have a propensity for keeping you on your toes. Building brand clout. Make it your central goal to emerge as the main specialist in your space of ability. Your gathering of people will appreciate your idea authority and normally pick you over different sellers. Creating mindfulness. Adversaries constrain you to evaluate your qualities and shortcomings. Utilize your superpowers to make a more exceptional incentive to clients. Comprehend your weaknesses and discover approaches to defeat them. Empowering separation. Contenders will reliably attempt to offer better client benefit, item quality and promoting. In sound markets, purchasers will request the best answers for their particular needs. Separate your contributions with the objective of making huge incentive for the clients you serve. Abusing industry patterns. Rivalry signals solid customer request. It gives approval to what you are doing. In new markets, this is a chance to advance a developing pattern that will get purchasers and the media amped up for your work. Shaping startling associations. Make organizations together with similar organizations. Trade innovation and apparatuses, extend the general market, cross advance each other’s items and team up on novel research to instruct buyers. Maybe one day, you may converge with, or gain, your greatest rival. Shared learning. Watch the opposition deliberately. The learning and assets they have might be both preferred and distinctive over yours. Effectively gain from how they oversee and develop their task. Before long, you will find approaches to apply those lessons figured out how to your business. Narrowing down a specialty. Somebody will dependably be superior to you at something – and that is alright. Clients merit the best items and administrations to satisfy their individual needs. To manufacture a productive business, concentrate your endeavors on making a littler fragment of the general market exceptionally upbeat. By narrowing your specialty, you build up an aggressive edge that prevents promote rivalry. Arranging long haul. Without contenders, most firms lose all sense of direction in the everyday exercise of keeping up their business. As different organizations join the market, you should begin testing yourself to achieve more. Organizing client needs. Rather than concentrating your vitality on exceeding the opposition, put resources into turning into a client driven association. Along these lines, you will help purchaser dependability and effortlessly shield against forceful providers or merchants goal on taking your customers. By the day’s end, it is your clients – not your rival – who have the ability to represent the deciding moment your business. How to cite Modern Business Environment, Papers

Logistics Management Operations and Supply Chain

Question: Discuss about the Logistics Management for Operations and Supply Chain. Answer: Introduction Development of proper operational strategies and model adaption in the business operation is associated with the understanding of the issues associated with the existing business operation of one organization. In this article, the primary purpose is associated with developing the skills regarding the proper understanding of the operational theories and models based on the current operations of one manufacturing enterprise. The assessment of the case study of Hawkesbury Cabinets Pty Ltd that associated with custom-build kitchen cabinetry for the Chinese community in that region has provided the details of the issues associated with operation. Discussion Main technical issue in this case study can be highlighted as the lack of cooperation in the operation and financial management (Anon, 2016). The traditional business approach of the organization was associated with the development of the custom made kitchen but the market growth has enabled the company to take the orders of standardized kitchen cabinetry products. Technically, the progression with the standardized cabinetry production has indicated the fact that the company was not prepared for this initiatives. It has been found that the orders form the builders are mainly batch based that contains order of one to five cabinetry development of same specification. It affects the delivery system of the organization and exerts pressure in the operational system. Focussing on the manufacturing unit of the organization it has been found that the unit is limited only in the Mulgrave (Anon, 2016). There are no facility of different production unit for the custom made product and standard cabinetry. It is the basic need of the business production system that different production facility is essential for two different types of product, otherwise it will create problem in production. Thus, it has been found in the case study of Hawkesbury Cabinetry that the custom and standard products are competing with each other in processing time (Bhuiyan, 2016). Technical analysis of the production facility of the organization has indicated the availability of high quality cabinet making equipment to ensure flexibility in the wide range of custom cabinetry processing (Slack, 2015). However, the maintenance of the two different aspects of product development is associated with increasing the pressure on the different sections of the manufacturing unit and the craftsman. As the reputation of the business is mainly associated with the custom made product it is expected that the major priority has been provided towards custom product and it create problem on time delivery of the stan dard products (Bhuiyan, 2016). The general overview of the technical aspects and issues are associated with the corporate strategy and facility mission of the organization. Considering technical efficiency it has been found that the company is facing the operational issues regarding five major aspects such as process, capacity, facilities, integration and infrastructure. It has been found that the automation process is not possible in this company as it solely dependent of craftsmanship and development of the quality product is associated with requirement of enough time (Butler et al., 2012). Decrease in the capacity due to manufacturing unit limitation has raised the pressure on the lead time management of the company (Espinoza Smith, 2015). Facilities are less as based on only one location and extension of the manufacturing unit is not possible in that limited place. Integration is not practiced in the business operation due to the maintenance of the quality. One significant draw back of the section of the manufacturing unit of the company is associated with maintaining a separate place for lathes and other less frequently used machines (Slack, 2015). It is actually blocking the free space that can be used for controlling some separate place for the standard product. As a general manager, Mei Chan has understood the need of incorporating the new builders kitchen line in the business operation of Hawkesbury Cabinetry. However, the progression with the idea has resulted in the creation of issues in the production operation of the company. The major intention behind the incorporation of new line standard cabinetry product is comprised of the sense to ensure better revenue and proper business growth in the market. One major issue regarding the standard product is that it mainly of low volume contract that actually hampers the time of the company. Incorporation of new operations and signing of further contract is dependent on the proper understanding of the productivity and capacity analysis. The new line incorporation highlights the issues regarding the poor operational decision as trend analysis, horizontal analysis, vertical analysis and budgetary analysis has not been performed as per the expectation. In addition, the incorporation of the builders Kitchen line has affected the capital and labour ration of the organization. It is due to rise in the pressure of lead time and shortage in the manufacturing capacity of the firm. The major concern of Hawkesbury Cabinetry is associated with custom made cabinetry for the Chinese community. Parallel adaptation of low volume contracts from the builders resulting in the clogging up of the partially completed standard product work as the primary priority of the company is the custom product. Enhancement in the short notice orders deals from the builders has resulted in the half completed standard cabinetry in various stages of the manufacturing unit divisions that hampers the spacious manufacturing area and rise in working space difficulties. Considering the available literature content it has been expected that without proper management of the business operation and incorporation of new business initiatives is associated with considering the lead time management and inventory management capability (Butler et al., 2012).. If an organization has failed to analyse tease capabilities then several issues can arise in the business operation Capital and labour ratio create problem regarding proper availability of the machinery for production and efficient management of labour hours. Differential operations system of the products results in the scarcity of resources for one operational unit that can create productivity problem (Subramanian Ramanathan, 2012). Depending on the literature findings it can be postulated that the development of the cost efficiency planning is the major concern of any business operation as it ultimately ensures the success of the organization (Schnsleben, 2016). Proper amount of mechanization is necessary for the maintenance of the business economy depends on the demand of the product, flexibility of the product and continuous maintenance of the supply of the product in the market. All these processes are involved with certain amount of cash. Financial structure of the organization regarding the business operation is associated with various developmental aspects of the core business operations (Brown et al., 2013). Time horizon is one of the major parts of this as long time horizon and short term horizon of product supply affects the financial structure in different manner. Apart from that development of the training program, work force size control, resource maintaining, inventory maintenance and improvement o f the product quality are associated with the cost enhancement process of the organization (Fernie Sparks, 2014). Considering the case study of Hawkesbury Cabinetry it has been found that the incorporation of the builders kitchen production move is actually affecting the financial structure of the organization (Motyka Szczeblewska, 2014). As discussed earlier in the article that the new business initiative results in rising some issues in the core business facilities of the organization. Current business initiatives has ensured the growth of the company but as per the calculation of the accountant the profit margin of Hawkesbury Cabinetry is much less though the sale is strong and it is steadily increasing. It is evident that high cost issue is a significant part of the standard builders products. Rise in the cost is due to efficient inventory management. As found in the work of other researchers that the proper inventory management can raise the cost of business financial operation. Rise in raw materials, resources and processed work drives the organization to rent the nearby warehouse that in creases the cost of the organization. Problem in the current layout is also creating a problem for the organization and it clearly indicates an extension in manufacturing unit that will involve more cash (Finkler et al., 2016). Major contributor of the profit for Hawkesbury Cabinetry is custom made cabinets whereas the standard cabinets only contributes to the 40 per cent of the company and contribute only to the 25 per cent of annual revenue. However, this revenue is not of much significant for operations as incorporation of standard process has increased the lead time, space crunch in manufacturing unit and pressure on employees. Conclusion Thus, it can be concluded from the above case study analysis and literature findings that business operational decision can face several problems regarding some decision without consideration of the capability of the business. In case of Hawkesbury Cabinetry it has been found that the major issues of the operational management are associated with technical practice of the organization regarding process, capacity, facilities, integration and infrastructure of the business operation. It is clear from the analysis of the new emergence of the builders kitchen has increased the pressure on the manufacturing unit and the manufacturing process is facing the problem regarding layout function, inventory management and enhancement of the inventory raw material management pressure. In addition, financial structure of the Hawkesbury Cabinetry has also changed due to the standard cabinets as it has increased the cost regarding lead time management, inventory cost and workers cost. Moreover, as th e orders are mainly batch oriented it is also associated with very less profit margin. References (2016). FINANCIAL Management SURVEY, 1(1), 4. Retrieved from https://www.ctohe.org/cccs/pdfs/FinancialManagementSurvey.pdf Bhuiyan, N. (2016). A framework for successful new product development. Journal Of Industrial Engineering And Management, 1(1), 25. Retrieved from https://www.jiem.org/index.php/jiem/article/viewFile/334/240 Brown, S., Bessant, J. R., Lamming, R. (2013).Strategic operations management. Routledge. Butler, M. J., Crundwell, D., Sweeney, M. (2012). Rethinking change: downsizing businesses, changing behaviours and still managing to come out on top.Management Articles of the Year, 22. Espinoza, O. A., Smith, R. (2015). Business Management Practices for Small to Medium Sized Forest Products Firms. Fernie, J., Sparks, L. (2014).Logistics and retail management: emerging issues and new challenges in the retail supply chain. Kogan Page Publishers. Finkler, S. A., Smith, D. L., Calabrese, T. D., Purtell, R. M. (2016).Financial management for public, health, and not-for-profit organizations. CQ Press. Krajewski, Lee J., Larry P. Ritzman, and Manoj K. Malhotra.Operations management: processes and supply chains. New York: Pearson, 2013. Motyka, A., Szczeblewska, M. (2014). Factors Influencing the Development of Family Businesses.Small and medium-sized enterprises in the European Union: development challenges in 2014-2020 perspective, 89. Schnsleben, P., 2016.Integral logistics management: Operations and supply chain management within and across companies. CRC Press. Slack, N. (2015).Operations strategy. John Wiley Sons, Ltd. Subramanian, N., Ramanathan, R. (2012). A review of applications of Analytic Hierarchy Process in operations management.International Journal of Production Economics,138(2), 215-241.

The impact of colonialism on cultural transformations in North and South America

Essay on Tesco Case

Essay on Tesco Case Essay on Tesco Case MGMT309 TESCO CASE TUTORIAL Case questions 1. Why have Tesco been so successful in the e-shopping home delivery sector It is notice that e-shopping and home delivery play in important role in business. Firstly, comparing to other retailers, Tesco seem rarely store which not limited range by offering maximum categories to customers. It beneficial from local stores operated by Tesco enable to picking up. Secondly, by employing approximately 1700 drivers which ensure delivering within 24 hours. Thirdly, it is found that the delivery service occur between Thursday and Saturday rather than traditional day like Sunday Monday. 2. Explain why numbers of deliveries and store delivery lead times are important to store profitability Before answer this question, it is significant to know the types of various product delivered by Tesco. The delivery items including: FMGs, SMGs, non-food category, frozen, chilled and fresh fruit. The number of store deliveries in a week across all categories apart from SMGs and Frozen food is 21 with 7 and 14 being the respective figure for the others. A special case in ASDA where 35 FMG deliveries and MS with 28 FMG that is relative high, and Sainsbury have 21 FMS delivery relative low. Tesco is receiving deliveries 3 times a day to most stores. Number of delivery make Tesco more responsive but not necessary efficient. Since during the transportation, it carry relative complex products that may reduce lead time and increase cost. Oder lead time into store is faster than competitors. 18hrs for FMG line, 12-24hrs for fresh food. It is show that these lead time around 25-50% better than competitors. It is revealing that BWSs seem have slowest lead time. To some degree, the short lead time will attract customer more than who retailers with long time. The above things make Tesco more profitable. 5. Explain why Tesco is able to deliver good and service to customers when its stock-holding is relatively low. It is related its replenishment and better inventory management than competitors. Tesco stock-holding is between 8 and 9 days for FMG, SMG and frozen food categories. Between 11-12days for BWSs and 22days for non-food items. Produce,

Concept Engineering, Advanced Research, Air Traffic Flow Management, C Essay

Concept Engineering, Advanced Research, Air Traffic Flow Management, Collaborative Decision Making - Essay Example A single delayed flight causes the company additional couriers, increased employee overtime & time of business operation that would mean an added compensation and cost of operation such as fuel, electricity etc. Also, the disrupted logistic process caused by a delayed flight would cost the company to pay high package delay fees (Metron Aviation - FedEx., n.d.). FedEx partnering with NASA that provides it with direct access and control of data from a collection of legacy systems was able to increase its efficiency and effectiveness in doing the business as it reduced delays by the integrated aircraft track and flight data from the airport feed and surveillance. With this, they would be prompted 30 minutes in advance an arrival or a possible delay which allowed them to make significant decisions to still make a delivery on time (Metron Aviation - FedEx., n.d.). IT services that would not be merely dependent on aviation and IT systems with real-time analytic applications, instead of being dependent on disk storage systems would be best for FedEx to have. Some of which that would make it possible would be the EMC Greenplum Platform and database appliances from Teradata. Aside from which, sensors such as the new SensaWare service that involves the application of active sensors inside packages that contain high-value merchandise would be able to skip the scanning process that would take time, instead would send out telemetry data that would cover the speed of the package’s travel, would help in tracking the item, and possible rerouting if needed (Vizard, M., n.d.).

Explain the legal powers and duties of local authorities in relation Essay

Explain the legal powers and duties of local authorities in relation to the protection of children. Consider whether any changes - Essay Example Researcher will likewise consider if there are still necessary legal amendments that should be undertaken to ensure that there is adequate protection given to children. The British government has accorded local government such powers and functions that encompassed direct, representative and consultative functions. In Northern Ireland, the councils work on policy legislation which bestowed power for local authorities and added ceremonial function that enable councils to provide a wide range of public services in areas which covered recreation, environmental health, ecological protection, tourism, economic development, and social services. Local authorities are also exercising representative functions that allowed the council to nominate representatives as members of various statutory bodies to establish and administer regional services that cover matters on education, health and social services, drainage and fire protection.1 Their consultative functions, which mandate council to repr esent the views of their population, on regional services operated within the district. Such power includes the power to be involved in developmental planning and for conservation.2 Their authorities are defined by statutes and agreements made in the interest of their district’s constituents.3 As leaders, performing elective or appointive functions, they lead the members of the community in safeguarding and promoting the welfare and protection of children. As such, they lead and work with statutory organisations performing functions on child rights and protection through laws, such as the duties enshrined under Section 11 of the Children Act 2004, an act that provide the establishment of a commission that mandates local authorities to provide services, legal supports, and enforce all statutes for children protection and care4. The policy described such functions, to wit: An Act to make provision for the establishment of a Children’s Commissioner; to make provision abou t services provided to and for children and young people by local authorities and other persons; to make provision in relation to Wales about advisory and support services relating to family proceedings; to make provision about private fostering, child minding and day care, adoption review panels, the defence of reasonable punishment, the making of grants as respects children and families, child safety orders, the Children’s Commissioner for Wales, the publication of material relating to children involved in certain legal proceedings and the disclosure by the Inland Revenue of information relating to children5 (Chapter 31, Children Act 2004; Legislation.gov.uk, 2013). Under this policy, the general function of the Children’s Commissioner involved (a) promotion of awareness on children’s views and interests in England; (b) encourage local authorities to conduct activities that uphold children’s right to express their views and their interests; (c) conduct research and publicize the operation of complaints

Study On The Seagate Technology Buyout Finance Essay

Study On The Seagate Technology Buyout Finance Essay Motivation and structure of the transaction. In early 1999, Seagate was planning on major restructuring proposal with the private equity firm, Silver Lake partners L.P. The plan implied a leveraged buyout of Seagates disk drive operations, followed by the tax free acquisition of Seagates remaining assets by VERITAS Software Corporation. The choice for this two step transaction was mainly a result of Seagates 40 percent ownership of VERITASs common stock. In the previous year the share price of VERITAS increased significantly and the market value of Seagates share in VERITAS had come to substantially exceed Seagates entire market capitalization. The value gap was a result of the perceived tax liability by the market if Seagate were to sell its VERITAS stake and Seagates core disk drive operations were not fully valued in the market due to increased interest in Internet firms and cheaper data storage providers. The two-step transaction was thus believed by Seagates management to genera te significant wealth gains for its shareholders. Before making their decision Seagates has to consider some alternatives to the previously described restructuring in order to address its low stock price. The company could sell the company as a whole, repurchase its own stock or sell off part of the VERITAS stake, or undertake a tax-free spin-off of either the disk drive business or its stake in VERITAS. We address each of these alternatives next. Seagate could choose to sell itself to other companies that may be interested. A merger or acquisition, in this case, could be either horizontal or vertical. Whereas a horizontal merger or acquisition could be beneficial for Seagate, because of the even higher market in the very competitive disk drive market, a vertical merger would be less successful as the company is already vertically integrated. However, it would be ideal for Seagate to be acquired by VERITAS as it holds 40 percent of its shares. But VERITAS was not interested in entering into the disk drive industry as management believed this was to far away from their core software business. A second alternative for the company is to sell its VERITAS stock or repurchase its own stock partially in the open market, however. However both actions proved to be ineffective. First Seagates ability to sell of VERITAS shares was limited by a prior agreement made with VERITAS. Even if they could sell off the entire VERITAS stake, it still seems an undesirable outcome since the transactions would be taxable on both the corporate as personal accounts. Second when the company performed a repurchase it had little impact on its stock price. A tax free spin-off would imply that Seagate spins off one of its business units, the core disk drive business or the VERITAS stake as an entirely new company. However the internal revenue code, as part of the US statuary tax law, requires that both the distributing corporation and the controlled corporation must be engaged immediately after the distribution in an actively conducted trade or business for a five-year period. Furthermore it also states that the corporate divisions lacking a business purpose can not be accomplished tax free (IRS, 2003). Clearly the VERITAS stake corporation will not satisfy these conditions and thus a tax free spin-off is unlikely. Besides the distribution must be the last resort for solving the business problem. In other words, it must be established that the business problem cannot be solved otherwise. This condition also does not hold since, as we will later see, the proposed two step transaction remains as a valid alternative. After reviewing these alternatives the proposed two step transaction seems to be baneful, mostly due to its low tax nature. As indicated in the case the stock-for-stock swap qualifies as a reorganization under the Internal Revenue Code, thus avoiding the tax implications as a swap. VERITAS will swap 109,330,300 shares for 128,059,966 shares previously owned by Seagate, and the tax advantage will be Huge as no personal or corporate taxes have to be paid on the transaction. Furthermore the decrease in total outstanding shares associated with the deal will cause earnings per share to rise, cetris paribus. In total this would be in the benefits of the VERITAS shareholders, enabling the two stage transaction to be pursued on their behalf. Seagates shareholders also benefit from the potential restructuring program. First they will receive 109,330,300 shares that have experienced a price increase of 200 percent after the half year that followed VERITAS acquisition of Seagates Network and Storage group. Compared to the 25 percent increase over the same period of its own shares this is a significant difference. Furthermore they will receive an additional amount generated from the sale of Seagates disk drive manufacturing assets (including $765m of cash) to the Suez Acquisition Company. The benefits to be received here, and thus also the potential benefits of Silver lake Partners L.P. are thus for the main part determined by this price, which was not determined yet. Seagates employees will also benefit from the two step transaction as their incentive to perform increases significantly when the new Suez Acquisition Company is no longer tight to VERITAS performance. Corporate governance is now considerable tighter than in th e old situation. A sincere loser of the reorganization is the government that could have gained more in taxes if one of the pre-described alternatives were chosen. Levering the buyout There are a number of benefits of leveraged buy outs. Business efficiency improvements, increased interest tax shields, change of management or improved management incentives and higher firm value are the most important possible effects. In the case Seagate an increase of the stock price was the most important target of the leveraged buyout. Before the leverage buyout Seagates stock price was more and more tied to VERITAS stock price. The performance of Seagates main business was a subordinated parameter. The trial to increase the stock price by means of selling VERITAS shares and buy own shares in the open market did not lead to the aimed target. Therefore a leveraged buyout was a possibility to lose the stock price from the performance of VERITAS. Besides of this main purpose to disconnect the stock price development from VERITAS also other positive effects of leveraged buyout could be realized, as the improvement of the market position of Seagate from a strategic and long-term point of view. As a consequence a higher probability to secure a positive stock price development after being on the stock market again can be attained. Another positive aspect of leveraged buyouts are taxes that can be saved through higher debts and interest that is tax-deductible. Although it should be considered that interest cannot be deducted unlimited because of interest barrier rules or earnings stripping rules. Therefore the interest only can be deducted to a certain extent, depending on the debt-to-equity ratio. There are specific regulations that differ from country to country. In case of cross-border leveraged buyouts the situation should be analyzed separately. Within the EU there is no different treatment in cross-border situations because of the freedom of establishment and the freedom of capital of the EC Treaty. A decisive argument of leveraged buyouts is the possibility that enterprises that were poorly managed before their acquisition can undergo valuable corporate reformation when they become private. An important change in the corporate structure is often the modification and replacement of the management staff or improved management incentives. In the Seagate case Silver Lake was convinced about the abilities of the management team. Silver Lake argued that the members of the management team had over ten years of experience in the disk drive industry and underlined that it was an important condition of the deal that the six top managers were taken over. In many articles it is argued differently as a restructuring without modification of management staff is much harder and there is a stronger opposition against many unpleasant but necessary changes. As incentives the management had to convert a portion of their Seagate equity into new equity and also got some deferred compensation. The re jection of unnecessary company sectors as well as the reduction of excessive expenditures also is an important factor for the success of the deal. In the leveraged buyout market stable and predictable cash flows and significant tangible assets which can be provided as security for bank loans are positive preconditions. These are features that make an enterprise for private equity firms interesting to invest. In the 1980s and early 1990s industrial companies were strongly favored and technology business was avoided. This has changed as the technology sector has become more and more important and in the last years this sector has become increasingly more interesting for Private Equity investments (von Nell-Breuning/2010). The disk drive industry as part of the technology sector is distanced by heavy price competition, short product life cycles which are often no longer than six months and high expenditures on RD. These are features that make buyouts very risky. It makes it difficult to predict cash flows, which plays a significant role for the success of a leveraged buyout. Nevertheless Silver Lake was convinced that in general the disk drive industry market development would be extremely positive and that the disk drives would be the key technological component in hardware products. It also should be taken into account that Seagate had a number of characteristics that were from a positive nature for a leveraged buyout like vertical integration for a better competitive position on the market. But also high RD while using up cash is a positive aspect to prevent market entry of smaller, less well-capitalized competitors. Another advantage of Seagate was the relatively high equity ratio compared with the technological industry. The equity ratio of Seagate was 26.6 per cent in June 1997, it was 29.6 per cent in June 1998 and in June 1999 the equity ratio constituted 23.9 per cent. The equity ratio of its competitors were lower, f.ex. the competitor Quantum HDD only had an equity ratio from about 13.5 per cent. The average equity ratio of mature industries is between 20 and 25 per cent depending on the country. Capital Structure In order to assess the capital structure of the deal and in essence the amount of debt the Luczo and the buyout team should take it is necessary to estimate the firm value. Two model are being considered for this task. The first one is the relative valuation model. The rationale for relative valuation stems from the notion that the intrinsic value of an asset is difficult to estimate. Its value can be measured by the price the market is willing to pay for its assets, based upon its characteristics. The second model being considered is the DCF model. When comparing relative valuation with DCF, one advantage over DCF is the reflection of market perceptions on the value of the company. Thus, in a perfect market, the perceptions of future prospects are already reflected in the stock price. It requires less information than DCF models and is therefore less prone to estimation errors. In addition, managers are often judged on a relative basis and relative valuation might therefore match th eir needs and horizons. Markets are assumed to make mistakes when pricing assets across time. DCF valuations detach themselves from market valuations and assess the fundamentals underlying the firm and its growth perspectives. Relative valuation leads to a reasonable estimate when there are many comparable assets that are priced in the market and a common variable can be applied to standardize the prices. Although the case offers some information on competitors we deem the data to be insufficient. Even more, relative valuation works best for investors that usually have relatively short investment horizons as it is rather difficult or impossible for the market to perceive long-term growth perspectives. In general a private equity investment(PE) spans on a 5 to 7 years time line meaning the PE investor has a medium to long-term investment horizon. More confidence in reasonable firm value estimation is thus assigned to the DCF valuation. The fundamentals of a company provide a prudent basis for estimations. Assumptions for the estimations are transparent while these are rather not in the case of relative valuation. A DCF valuation can be applied to long-time horizons and is thus more applicable for investors with long-term investment perspectives. In addition, a fundamental approach might work as a catalyst that moves the price in the market towards the real value of the assets. Silver Lake Partners L.P., as the bidder for the controlling stake of the company is interested in deriving the firm value, meaning the value of the equity stake in association with debt. Cash flows coming from operating activities would therefore need to be estimated. A first step concludes in the calculation of free cash flows to firm (FCFF). The FCFF is computed based on the following assumption: The company management provides three different projections for the buyout team: The Base Case, The Upside case and The Downside Case, each differing in EBITA and Revenues values. Capital expenditures and Depreciation are to remain the same in all three cases. The values used are provided in the operating performance projections table of Seagate. The working capital(WC) is mentioned in the case as being historically equal to 0 for the industry so the change in WC is to be ignored. According to this values the FCFF can be computed. After total cash flow is calculated, it is brought back to NPV using the companys weighted average cost of capital (WACC). The WACC, which is defined by the relative cost of the companys debt and equity is also viewed as the required rate of return for the company and its investors to compensate them for the inherent risks of ownership and realization risk for projected cash flows. The value for the risk free rate and the market risk premium have been set as given by Damodaran(2010) as 3.20% and 2.05% respectively. The beta of the company is supplied by the case as 1.2. Thus we come to the value of 6% for the WACC. Based on the values of the FCFF and WACC computed we can now asses the present value of the firm in the years to come. By summing up this values for the required time horizon we get to the firm values for the three cases Figure 1 Firm value analysis As it can be noticed the firm values for the cases register important differences. The Upside case stands out. Comparable to this the Downside Case has a much smaller difference. In order to better account for the possibility of worse than expected, but more importantly, for better than expected performance in the company we consider that the average of the three values should be used as the firm value and as the price the buyout team should pay meaning US$2.224 billion. We have determined a purchase price of $2.22 billion that Silver Lake Partners will pay to acquire the operations of Seagate. This will be a leveraged buyout that includes two different equity sources and two different debt sources. Our proposed capital structure will consist of 79% percent equity and 21% percent debt. This structure was chosen based on the BBB three-year median rates as referenced in the case (Exhibit 11). The EBIT Interest Coverage ratio set the median value over 1997 to 1999 of 3.9x. In order to get the highest value for the firm when deciding to sell it, the PE firm will try to maintain its rating or even to improve it so it makes sense to consider the BBB value as appropriate. Even more lower rating will also mean higher interest rates for its debt. Using this value and the EBIT values provided for the case we can compute the amount of interest that the firm can afford to pay every year. It can be noticed in Exhibit 1 that the lowest value for EBIT is predicted in year 2000 so it makes sense to consider this value as a benchmark as the following years the performance is expected to improve. Starting from amount of interest that the firm can afford to pay every year we calculated the value of debt that the firm has to take in order to be required to pay that amount of interest. This adds up to US$468.31 meaning 21% of the price recommended for the deal. By comparing this result with the values provided in Exhibit 11 from the case it can be noticed that the firm will remain under BBB rating. The remaining 79% is to be provided by the buyout team in form of equity. It should also be considered that Silver Lake Partners L.P. will receive US$765 million by acquiring Seagate, funds that can be used as equity for the deal. Figure 2 level of debt analysis In order to better assess the impact of the three scenarios on the capital structure of the deal we also used the values computed under The Base Case, The Upside Case and The Downside Case. Again it can be noticed that the better performance predictions stand out. This is based on the possibility that in the latter years of the investment the firm will perform over the expectations even though 2000 is perceived as the same in all cases.

How Do Trend in the Marketing Industry

1. How do trend in the marketing industry, such as integrated marketing, affect advertising? Nowadays, there are too many trends in the marketing industry which we can see all over the places. These trends do not only give implication to the industry itself, it also affects the advertising field as well. Internet Marketing is an all-inclusive term for marketing products and/or services online – and like many all-inclusive terms, Internet marketing means different things to different people. Essentially, though, Internet marketing refers to the strategies that are used to market a product or service online, marketing strategies that include search engine optimization and search engine submission, copywriting that encourages site visitors to take action, web site design strategies, online promotions, reciprocal linking, and email marketing – and that’s just hitting the highlights. This is one of the trends in the marketing industry. These trends affect the advertising field by allowing them to promote a product or services widely through the internet. Many firms are embracing a paradigm that is shifting the focus of advertising methodology from traditional text and image to the JavaScript and Adobe Flash, which is known as the online advertising. The potential customer can access information concerning the service or product to help in deciding the need or use of products through online. Another that are often used by the marketers is applying local cultures in a global product. In this trend they usually brings in a global product into a country and applies a local culture to it, such as the country’s national language, costumes, local celebrities and much more just to attract their local customer to buy the product. Understanding a country’s culture is a key to global success. Food, food retail, beverages, household cleaning and personal care products are highly subject to the influence of culture because they are rooted in local taste, traditions, and needs. While it is very difficult for marketers to overcome these differences, there is no real imperative to do so. It doesn't matter if a food brand has different incarnations in different countries; the vast majority of consumers will be completely oblivious. For an instance, Coke has taken in adapting both its product and its communication. As a standard practice, Coca-Cola modifies its product to meet local tastes and invests heavily in locally inspired communication to complement its global positioning. The longer a brand has been in market, the more likely people are to have grown up with it and accept it as part of the local scene. This trend in marketing industry gives more implication to the advertising field. Firstly, for this kind of trend, global companies have to come up with more advertisements just for one product. Because, they are selling their products all over the world, which to be said in different countries. Whenever they adopt a local culture in selling their product, advertising plays an important role by showing the criteria of local culture to the audience, such as using the local language, local celebrity, local customs, and etc. For an example, in the Pizza Hut advertisement in Malaysia, they use the local language, such as â€Å"sensasi† and the tag â€Å"halal† in their advertising strategy just attracts the local consumers. In conclusion, advertising field is always getting affected if there are any changes or new trends in the marketing industry. This is because, advertising is the tool that helps the audience to get information about a product or services and also it attracts them to purchase it. 2. Can advertising be a factor in relationship marketing? In what way? Discuss. Advertising plays an important role in relationship marketing. Advertising is a form of communication intended to persuade an audience (viewers, readers or listeners) to purchase or take some action upon products, ideas, or services. Relationship Marketing were defined first as a form of marketing that developed from a direct response marketing campaigns which emphasize the customer retention and satisfaction, rather than a dominant focus on sales transactions. In others words, it recognizes the long term value of customer relationships and extends communication beyond intrusive advertising. And also, Relationship marketing attempts to involve and integrate customers, suppliers and other infrastructural partners into a firm's developmental and marketing activities. In the most basic sense, advertising can help in promoting the sale of a particular product or service. Advertising in the olden times, was just spreading simply through word of mouth. It was to promote the sale of a product, good or service. As time advanced through the 17th Century, advertisements began to appear in newspapers, and later, in other forms of mass media, such as radio, television and cinema. Moreover, advertising in recent years, has maneuvered its way through the other forms of advertising, such as advertisements being displayed on fruit products, ads being displayed on vehicles such as buses and taxies, and even in public and social places, like the shopping malls and streets. Besides that, advertising in the recent years has been escalated through the airing of TV commercials, and the phenomenon of the World Wide Web, or simply the Internet. Banner ads and newsletters have been included in company websites, to encourage the number of customers logging on to a particular website. Advertisements have been helping to motivate the demand for particular goods and services. Advertising through the implementation, and setting up of billboards on the sides of streets and major shopping areas, is yet another growing tactic among marketing professionals, and advertising agencies. This has skyrocketed the product sales. Through this advertising, the images of particular products and services have enhanced, and resulted in a significant increase of sales over the recent years. In conclusion, advertising has created a sense of public awareness among the people about the products they use in their daily routine. On the other hand it is yet another means thorough getting a message across to a wider audience of people about a particular product. Advertising through television and billboards ensures that the sale of a particular product or service is amplified. Looking at it from a different perspective, advertising could be considered as an effective marketing strategy towards increasing the publicity of a product and in turn reaching out to a wider customer audience. Thus, it is an important factor of relationship marketing.

Psych Unit IV Article Review Essay

There are so many different theories out there that try to explain why we act the way we act. How do we explain evil or hateful behavior? I just finished reading the article ‘’Prison Violence: Does brutality come with a badge?’’, written by: Bruce Gross. This article talks about being a prison guard, and how some people act when they enter this career. Would you act differently if you went from the role of the prisoner to the role of the prison guard? There have been many reports of ‘’cruel and unusual’’ punishment that is being administered by prison guards to inmates in prisons. Not only are inmates reporting this abuse, but federal authorities are also recognizing there is a problem. In 2005, the commission on Safety and Abuse in Prisons said there were 16,000 allegations of sexual and physical assault that were reported. There are also reports of abuse happening in County jails as well as in prisons. ‘’Inmates have reported being choked, kicked, punched, and hit with objects by single or multiple guards’’, (Gross, 2008). If you look back at our history, it is full of ordinary people who commit terrible acts of violence. Some people have done studies and are trying to understand why people commit these ‘’evil crimes’’. Stanley Milgram is one of those people. He was a Yale University professor, who conducted an experiment in 1961. In this experiment there were ‘’teachers’’ and there were ‘’learners. The teachers were given the power to administer a shock to the learners if they answered a question wrong. It was surprising how much the ‘’teachers’’ in the experiment would shock the ‘’learners’’ and the amount of volts that they would use without protest. Another experiment that was done to test these violent behaviors was known as the Stanford Prison Experiment. In August of 1971, this experiment was started by psychology professor Philip Zimbardo. He put an ad in the paper and found volunteers to play role of ‘’prisoner’’ and the role of ‘’guard’’. He created a prison-like environment in the basement of the psychology building on the Stanford Campus. There was some definite brutality that started to show in the guards during this experiment. Some showed more than others. After only 6 days, the experiment was shut down. One third (1/3) of these ‘’guards’’ showed sadistic behavior. There was a similar study done that was called the BBC Prison Study. This study was also shut down early. ‘’Both of these prison studies demonstrated that under some circumstances, some individuals resist going-with-the flow of group associated brutality’’, (Gross, 2008). Sometimes an individual will behave differently if they know they’re being watched. In the SPE experiment, the participants knew they were being watched by ‘’supervisors’’, and on the BBC experiment, they knew they were being watched by an audience (including family and friends). These factors may have affected the way that either group acted throughout the experiment. I know I would act differently if I knew that my mother was watching me. Some people think it’s the environment that people are in that brings out violence. Well of course it is! If you treat someone like a caged animal, eventually they will start acting like one. If a guard is told to dehumanize a prisoner, then you will probably see violence out of the guards, as well as out of the prisoners. ‘’Violence and extreme behaviors by guards against inmates have many sources’’, (Gross, 2008). In the prison studies that were covered in this article, it didn’t surprise the experimenters that ‘’good people’’ were committing evil acts when they played the role of the guards. They were more surprised and shocked that more people didn’t stand up for what was right. Even if they didn’t agree with what was happening, they just kept their mouth shut, and went with the flow. At the end of the article, Gross says, ‘’Perhaps the adage is true, that real evil exists and flourishe s when good people do nothing’’.

The Feminist Theory Of Fargo By The Coen Brothers

Scrolling through Netflix trying to pick a movie, viewers can generally get the idea of the movie based on the title shown. The first thought that popped into my head after reading the title ‘Fargo’, was how far would an individual strive to achieve and/or accomplish a goal or mission and how far would that individual run if caught in a unforeseen circumstance. The 1996 film ‘Fargo’ by the Coen Brothers, explores a handful of themes such as, life, death and evil. The idea of the movie is that the main character Jerry Lundegaard is a car sales man and is not very good at his job. He is shown no respect from his wife and child and his boss, which is also his father-in-law. The film takes place in a small town in Minnesota. This essay will explore the Feminist and Marxist theory, seen through this film ‘Fargo’ and its characters. The Feminist theory and Marxist theory are mainly seen through the characters Marge, the police officer and Jerry the m ain character, which the entire movie revolves around. In the Coen Brother’s 1996 film ‘Fargo’, Jerry is a pathetic car salesman who is financially unstable, plans to have his wife kidnapped so he can cash in on some money. A business deal about to go sour Jerry, hires two goons for the kidnapping. Along with Jerry being very nervous and jumpy all the time, no one has any idea why or what, Jerry needs the money for. With Jerry’s father-in-law being a successful businessman and owner of the car dealership, which Jerry is an employed